Lumbar radiculopathy, commonly known as sciatica, is a condition that develops when the nerve roots in the lower spine become compressed or irritated, leading to pain, numbness, and difficulty in movement. At the Institute of Orthopedics, Spine, & Sports located in Clifton, NJ, we specialize in the non-operative management of patients, focusing on injections as the preferred method to provide relief and enhance the patient’s well-being.
Our team of skilled and trained specialists is dedicated to understanding our clients’ needs and delivering the best treatment through proper techniques, quality equipment, and experienced personnel. Contact us today at (973) 922-9515 to book an appointment and receive the care and attention you need.
Causes of Lumbar Radiculopathy
Lumbar radiculopathy can be triggered by several underlying conditions, including:
1. Herniated Discs:
Herniated discs occur when the inner gel-like substance of an intervertebral disc pushes through a tear in the tougher outer layer. This protrusion can press against nearby nerve roots, causing significant pain and discomfort. Herniated discs are often the result of aging-related wear and tear or acute injury. Activities that involve heavy lifting, bending, or twisting can exacerbate the condition, leading to lumbar radiculopathy symptoms.
2. Spinal Stenosis:
Spinal stenosis involves the narrowing of the spinal canal, which can compress the spinal cord and nerve roots. This condition is typically due to age-related changes, such as the thickening of ligaments, bone spurs, or bulging discs. The constricted space within the spine leads to pressure on the nerves, resulting in pain, numbness, and weakness that radiate from the lower back to the legs.
3. Degenerative Disc Disease:
Degenerative disc disease is a natural part of aging where the intervertebral discs lose hydration and elasticity over time. As the discs degenerate, they become less effective as shock absorbers and can cause irritation and inflammation of the surrounding nerves. This condition can lead to chronic pain, stiffness, and lumbar radiculopathy as the discs fail to support the spine properly.
4. Spondylolisthesis:
Spondylolisthesis occurs when one vertebra slips forward over the one below it, potentially pinching the nerve roots. This condition can result from congenital defects, degeneration, trauma, or stress fractures. The misalignment of the vertebrae can cause significant lower back pain and radiating symptoms down the legs, affecting mobility and overall quality of life.
5. Traumatic Injury:
Traumatic injuries, such as falls, car accidents, or sports-related incidents, can lead to inflammation or direct damage to the spinal nerves. Fractures, dislocations, or soft tissue injuries in the lumbar spine can compress or irritate the nerve roots, causing acute and severe pain. Prompt medical attention is crucial to address these injuries and prevent long-term complications.

Symptoms of Lumbar Radiculopathy
Lumbar radiculopathy manifests in various ways, depending on the severity and specific nerves affected. Common symptoms include:
1. Lower Back Pain:
Persistent pain in the lumbar region is a hallmark symptom of lumbar radiculopathy. This pain can be dull and aching or sharp and stabbing, often worsening with movements such as bending, lifting, or twisting. The intensity of the pain can vary, impacting daily activities and overall comfort.
2. Radiating Leg Pain:
One of the most distinctive symptoms is sharp, shooting pain that travels from the lower back down through the buttocks and legs. This pain, often referred to as sciatica, follows the path of the affected nerve and can be debilitating. The pain may be continuous or intermittent and can affect one or both legs.
3. Numbness and Tingling:
A sensation of pins and needles, numbness, or tingling in the legs or feet is common in lumbar radiculopathy. This symptom results from nerve compression and can affect various areas along the nerve pathway. It can impact sensory perception and contribute to a feeling of weakness or heaviness in the legs.
4. Muscle Weakness:
Reduced strength in the legs or feet can occur due to nerve compression. This weakness can affect mobility, making it difficult to perform routine activities such as walking, standing, or climbing stairs. Severe muscle weakness can lead to instability and an increased risk of falls.
5. Loss of Reflexes:
Diminished reflex responses in the legs are a sign of nerve dysfunction. Reflexes such as the knee-jerk or ankle reflex may be noticeably reduced or absent. This symptom can be detected during a physical examination and indicates the severity of nerve involvement in lumbar radiculopathy.
Diagnosing Lumbar Radiculopathy
Proper diagnosis of lumbar radiculopathy is crucial for effective treatment. At the Institute of Orthopedics, Spine, & Sports in Clifton, NJ, our specialists employ a comprehensive diagnostic approach, which includes:
- Medical History Review: Gathering detailed information about the patient’s symptoms, medical history, and any previous treatments.
- Physical Examination: Assessing the patient’s range of motion, reflexes, muscle strength, and areas of pain.
- Imaging Studies: Utilizing advanced imaging techniques such as MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), CT (Computed Tomography) scans, and X-rays to visualize the spine and identify the underlying cause of nerve compression.
- Electromyography (EMG): This test measures the electrical activity of muscles and can help determine if there is nerve damage.
Injection Therapies for Lumbar Radiculopathy
Injection therapies are a cornerstone of non-surgical treatment for lumbar radiculopathy at the Institute of Orthopedics, Spine, & Sports. These therapies aim to reduce inflammation, alleviate pain, and improve the patient’s overall quality of life. Key injection therapies include:
Epidural Steroid Injections (ESIs)
Epidural Steroid Injections (ESIs) are among the most common treatments for lumbar radiculopathy. These injections deliver a potent anti-inflammatory steroid medication directly into the epidural space around the spinal nerves. The procedure begins with the patient lying on their stomach while the injection site is sterilized. Local anesthesia is applied to minimize discomfort. Using fluoroscopic (X-ray) guidance, the physician precisely inserts a needle into the epidural space. A corticosteroid medication, often combined with a local anesthetic, is injected to reduce inflammation and relieve pain. ESIs can provide significant pain relief, reduce inflammation, and improve mobility, with results often lasting for several weeks to months.
Facet Joint Injections
Facet joints, located between each vertebra, can become inflamed and contribute to lumbar radiculopathy. Facet joint injections target these joints to alleviate pain. During the procedure, the patient is positioned comfortably, and the injection site is sterilized. The physician uses fluoroscopic guidance to accurately insert the needle into the facet joint. A mixture of corticosteroids and anesthetics is injected into the joint. These injections can reduce inflammation in the facet joints, providing pain relief and improving the patient’s range of motion.
Selective Nerve Root Blocks (SNRBs)
Selective Nerve Root Blocks (SNRBs) are used to diagnose and treat specific nerve root pain. These injections deliver medication directly to the affected nerve root, providing targeted relief. The patient is positioned to allow access to the affected nerve root, and the area is sterilized. Using fluoroscopic guidance, the physician inserts a needle near the targeted nerve root. A combination of corticosteroids and anesthetics is injected around the nerve root. SNRBs can provide immediate pain relief and help pinpoint the exact source of nerve irritation, aiding in diagnosis and further treatment planning.
Sacroiliac Joint Injections
The sacroiliac joints, located at the base of the spine, can contribute to lower back and leg pain. Sacroiliac joint injections target these joints to reduce pain and inflammation. The procedure starts with the patient lying on their stomach, and the injection site is sterilized. Fluoroscopic guidance is used to accurately place the needle into the sacroiliac joint. A mixture of corticosteroids and anesthetics is injected into the joint. These injections can provide significant pain relief for patients with sacroiliac joint dysfunction, improving mobility and quality of life.
Conclusion
Lumbar radiculopathy can significantly impact a person’s quality of life, but effective treatment is available. At the Institute of Orthopedics, Spine, & Sports in Clifton, NJ, we specialize in non-surgical injection therapies that provide relief from pain and inflammation. By addressing the underlying causes of lumbar radiculopathy and utilizing targeted injection treatments, we help patients regain mobility and improve their overall well-being. If you are experiencing symptoms of lumbar radiculopathy, contact our clinic today to schedule a consultation and take the first step toward a pain-free life.